Используя SQL для определения статистики для подсчета количества слов текстового поля

The text handling capabilities of MySQL aren't good enough for what you want. A stored function is an option, but will probably be slow. Your best bet to process the data within MySQL is to add a user defined function. If you're going to build a newer version of MySQL anyway, you could also add a native function.

The "correct" way is to process the data outside the DB since DBs are for storage, not processing, and any heavy processing might put too much of a load on the DBMS. Additionally, calculating the word count outside of MySQL makes it easier to change the definition of what counts as a word. How about storing the word count in the DB and updating it when a document is changed?

Example stored function:

DELIMITER $$
CREATE FUNCTION wordcount(str LONGTEXT)
       RETURNS INT
       DETERMINISTIC
       SQL SECURITY INVOKER
       NO SQL
  BEGIN
    DECLARE wordCnt, idx, maxIdx INT DEFAULT 0;
    DECLARE currChar, prevChar BOOL DEFAULT 0;
    SET maxIdx=char_length(str);
    SET idx = 1;
    WHILE idx <= maxIdx DO
        SET currChar=SUBSTRING(str, idx, 1) RLIKE '[[:alnum:]]';
        IF NOT prevChar AND currChar THEN
            SET wordCnt=wordCnt+1;
        END IF;
        SET prevChar=currChar;
        SET idx=idx+1;
    END WHILE;
    RETURN wordCnt;
  END
$$
DELIMITER ;