Вы можете попробовать querySelectorAll
let anchor = document.querySelectorAll('a.button')[0];
anchor.setAttribute("href", "http://www.google.com");
<a href="#" class="button">A link - will be affected</a><br/>
<a href="#" class="button">B link - not affected</a><br/>
<a href="#">C link - not affected</a><br/>
<a href="#">D link - not affected</a><br/>